African Americans in Oklahoma
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document in english
history 1789 to present
research papers
date published 23/10/2007
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SummaryThe “All-Black towns” of Oklahoma represent a unique segment of American history. Neither in the deep south nor the far west did so many African Americans come together to create and govern their own communities. Between 1865 and 1920, African Americans had established over 50 towns in the area, a good portion of which still exist today. They settled here in large numbers to escape many of the harsh prejudices found in other areas such as the Deep South, and in these communities they could rely on each other for financial assistance and friendship. However, white resentment of the black race soon began to impact these towns, and thus we get migrations of African Americans to western Canada, Mexico, and even “Back to Africa” movements.
Table of Contents- One major all-black town of Oklahoma was the town of Boley.
- These two founders, named Lake Moore and W.H. Boley, decided to establish the town along the Fort Smith and Western Railroad, seeking to test the Negro self governance capability.
- Another prominent All-Black town in Oklahoma during the late 1800s was Langston.
- The college first established as a teacher's college, calling it a 'train-the-trainer' program.
- Cleaview, also in Okfuskee County, near the Fort Smith and Western Railroad, is another All-Black Oklahoma town.
- Enterprises of the town included one school, two churches, and several businesses.
- On all sides of the town the soil was rich and fertile, especially to the west along Elk Creek bottom, as my friend had said. And it lay in the middle of a dense Negro population.
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