«The Hmong are an ethnic group indigenous to the Southeast Asian peninsula. They typically live in the mountainous regions of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. They are rice farmers who are well known for their embroidery and the color of their dress,...» Document abstract
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5 word format
Language : english
biology
presentation
date published
31/07/2007
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level : Advanced
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SummaryThe Hmong are an ethnic group indigenous to the Southeast Asian peninsula. They typically live in the mountainous regions of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. They are rice farmers who are well known for their embroidery and the color of their dress, which gives its name to the different Hmong clans. During the Silent War in Laos, which was fought between the Communist party, called the PL, in Laos and the US American CIA, the Hmong aided the CIA by fighting on the ground as guerilla fighters. After the Americans lost the war, the Hmong were in danger of being put into re-education camps by the new communist government in Laos. Therefore, during 1975-2004, over 300,000 Lao, or 10% of the population, mostly Hmong, resettled in America (Cummings and Burke 2005: 31). Most of the Hmong immigrants moved to Stockton, California, Seattle, Washington, Lacrosse and Madison, Wisconsin and The Twin Cities, Minnesota, where they formed Hmong communities, usually with extended families living in the same apartment building, if not the same apartment. The Hmong have had some problems finding a balance between keeping Hmong culture and tradition and adjusting to American culture and traditions.
Table of Contents
- The Hmong are an ethnic group indigenous to the Southeast Asian peninsula
- Donnelly points out 'the most immediately striking aspect of gender roles in Hmong society, described time and again by researchers, is the apparent hierarchical relation between men and women,?
- Power and Independence
- Childbirth
- Divorce
- Courtship and dating
- Conclusions
«Beep… beep… click… click … this just in: A pandemic breakout of unheard of proportions. Is it anthrax? Or clostridia? It could be, but authorities believe the culprit is Bacillus cereus (49133). B. cereus is a cousin strain to both Bacillus...» Document abstract
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Language : english
biology
presentation
date published
02/08/2007
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level : Advanced
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SummaryBeep… beep… click… click … this just in: A pandemic breakout of unheard of proportions. Is it anthrax? Or clostridia? It could be, but authorities believe the culprit is Bacillus cereus (49133). B. cereus is a cousin strain to both Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) and Clostridia perfringens (clostridia). B. cereus is a gram-positive spore-forming and toxin-forming bacteria. Found in many starchy foods, like rice, this enterotoxin usually lasts for less than twenty-four hours. Since B. cereus is a spore producing organism, cooking food will not eliminate the threat of infection. Symptoms include abdominal pain, rectal spasm, diarrhea and nausea. Onset of these symptoms may occur 8-16 hrs after ingestion. If you, or someone you know, suffer from these symptoms, contact local health authorities immediately. Beep… beep… beep…
Table of Contents
- Introduction:
- Methods and Materials (with results):
- Results and Discussion:
«For years, man has been trying to find a single chemical that triggers flowering in plants. Although this single chemical has not been found, several of the Gibberellins show promising results as an active florigen – such as GA5 and GA6 and...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
biology
summaries
date published
02/08/2007
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SummaryFor years, man has been trying to find a single chemical that triggers flowering in plants. Although this single chemical has not been found, several of the Gibberellins show promising results as an active florigen – such as GA5 and GA6 and possibly GA1 and GA4. Results have shown that these GAs seem to travel intact from the leaf to the shoot apex just after a single long day photoperiod. Gibberellins also seem to accumulate in sufficient amounts to trigger flowering. Gibberellins have also been shown to cause petiole elongation. Much research still needs to be done to draw definite conclusions about the role of Gibberellins as a florigen, but much of the evidence looks promising.
Table of Contents
- Abstract:
- Introduction:
- Results
- King and Evans describe the advancement in proving that Gibberellins can replace the Long Day (LD) photoperiod in flowering plants
- Certain Gibberellins seem to have a greater effect on flowering than others
- The first visible change in the GAs level in plants is in the leaf soon after a long day photoperiod
- Conclusion:
«This lab was set up in order to demonstrate the diversity and at the same time scarcity of species of plants in a long island forest as an example for a very global issue. The main principles involved were the community structure and dynamics of...» Document abstract
$2.95
3 word format
Language : english
biology
case study
date published
17/09/2007
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryThis lab was set up in order to demonstrate the diversity and at the same time scarcity of species of plants in a long island forest as an example for a very global issue. The main principles involved were the community structure and dynamics of ecology. To observe this in the open we sectioned off three different areas, a grassland, forest edge and mid forest. While examining these areas our main goal was to notice which plants species were dominant and which were only to be found on the outskirts of a sectioned off area.
It was fascinating to see the increased diversity of plants and species on the forest edge in contrast to the mid forest. The forest edge was dense with plants struggling to survive while the plants dominant in the mid forest have taken over and pushed back their competitors in turn creating a less dense environment. Plant life is affected by things such as abiotic environmental factors (Miyazaki 27-28), specialist consumers, which are herbivores and pathogens co-existing with a plant in its native area, and interactions with neighboring plants (Calloway 436-437). Today biodiversity is declining at an exceptionally rapid rate, mainly due to habitat destruction, overexploitation, and competition from non-native invasive species (Miyazaki 23).
It was fascinating to see the increased diversity of plants and species on the forest edge in contrast to the mid forest. The forest edge was dense with plants struggling to survive while the plants dominant in the mid forest have taken over and pushed back their competitors in turn creating a less dense environment. Plant life is affected by things such as abiotic environmental factors (Miyazaki 27-28), specialist consumers, which are herbivores and pathogens co-existing with a plant in its native area, and interactions with neighboring plants (Calloway 436-437). Today biodiversity is declining at an exceptionally rapid rate, mainly due to habitat destruction, overexploitation, and competition from non-native invasive species (Miyazaki 23).
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Tables and Graphs
- Discussion
- Organization and Writing Mechanics
- Strengths and Areas for Improvement
«The experiment that was performed these past few weeks involved measuring the relative growth of a soybean plant that was planted based on how much allelopathic agent we used. Allelopathic interactions are very widespread in nature, and they are...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
biology
presentation
date published
17/09/2007
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
requested 5 times
SummaryThe experiment that was performed these past few weeks involved measuring the relative growth of a soybean plant that was planted based on how much allelopathic agent we used. Allelopathic interactions are very widespread in nature, and they are important factors in the mechanisms of the ecosystem. It generally involves the inhibition of growth of certain plant types. It is also used by humans in order to manipulate the growth of weeds and other plants. The plant that was used in the experiment was the Soybean plant. This fast-growing plant is known to be used in the food industry rather extensively.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- The allelopathic agent that was used was Black Walnut. More specifically, Black Walnut produces a substance, toxic to some plants, called Juglone.
- The null hypothesis was that the allelopathic agent will have no affect on the growth of the Soybean plant
- Methods
- The experiment was set up by creating the necessary soil mixtures.
- They were each labeled according to whether they were control, and how much of the allelopathic agent was used in the soil mixture
- Results
- Discussion
«One of the most fascinating systems of a cell or an organism is the way it deals with water. Every living needs water to survive and manages the intake of this precious resource differently. Water diffuses through a selectively permeable membrane...» Document abstract
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10 word format
Language : english
biology
presentation
date published
17/09/2007
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level : General public
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SummaryOne of the most fascinating systems of a cell or an organism is the way it deals with water. Every living needs water to survive and manages the intake of this precious resource differently. Water diffuses through a selectively permeable membrane within a cell by the process of osmosis (Campbell, 145). Osmosis ensures that a cell’s environment is healthy by regulating the solute and solvent concentration. A solute is a substance dissolved into another substance and a solvent is a substance into which something is dissolved, forming a solution. Water is the most functional and well known solvent and affects the state of a cell body.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- One of the most fascinating systems of a cell or an organism is the way it deals with water
- All of this ties into how organisms themselves regulate two of their essential components, salt and water
- In our experiment we used Mercenaria mercenria, also known as hard clams, as our osmoregulators.
- I also predicted that the clam, being an osmoregulator would not experience much change in weight across the different salinities.
- Methods
- Results
- As can be seen in Table 1 as well as in Table 2a, in which we are known as group 1, our clam's weights changed by minuscule amounts over the course of an hour.
- When looking at the whole class as a whole, Graph 2 very vividly shows how the worms were not able to stabilize their salinity levels and changed by a much steeper margin than the clams
- Discussion
- If the environmental conditions around the worms had occurred with salt concentrations much lower than those used in the lab, they would have died due as their cells would burst from all the excess water
- Since the worm data was given to us instead of us finding it out ourselves, there was no way to know if we would have been able to duplicate the same results.
«This article deals with a possible solution to water pollution in a Wisconsin suburb. However the results could be universally interpreted, with the method of prevention being employed in many areas of the world. The Article describes a scientist’s...» Document abstract
$3.95
4 word format
Language : english
biology
case study
date published
17/09/2007
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryThis article deals with a possible solution to water pollution in a Wisconsin suburb. However the results could be universally interpreted, with the method of prevention being employed in many areas of the world. The Article describes a scientist’s experiment to test the amount of water runoff from his front yard into the local lake. Initially he observed that his soil only absorbed at water at a rate of 2 inches per hour, whereas the remaining runoff water from a major rainstorm was traveling down the street picking up “oil, chemicals, pesticides and sediments built up on lawns, driveways and streets”.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Water Pollution is a set of adverse effects upon any body of water by human activity
- Toxic pollutants end up spreading through all marine life, killing many organisms
- Methods
- Testing absorption rate of various soils to see which will allow the least water to enter a nearby body of water
- Tests done on Mallard (aquatic bird in Hungary) when exposed to Cu and Pb
- Results
- Sources of Pollution
- Effects of Pollution
- Discussion
- Prevention Methods
Structural Explanation of The paradox between High Permeability and High Conductance in a Potassium Channel
«The human body is a fascinating array of mechanisms, each perfectly sculpted to satisfy its role in the ever changing needs of our physiology. The various systems within us each rely on impulses, sent via the central or peripheral nervous systems,...» Document abstract
$2.95
3 word format
Language : english
biology
school essay
date published
17/09/2007
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryThe human body is a fascinating array of mechanisms, each perfectly sculpted to satisfy its role in the ever changing needs of our physiology. The various systems within us each rely on impulses, sent via the central or peripheral nervous systems, to coordinate everything from breathing to walking to thinking. These messages, sent throughout the entire body and relayed through neurons, consisting of axons and dendrites, are just as intricate as the systems they support.
Table of Contents
- The human body is a fascinating array of mechanisms, each perfectly sculpted to satisfy its role in the ever changing needs of our physiology
- The voltage gated potassium channel through which K+ ions diffuse is shaped somewhat like an 'upside down teepee?.
- Legend: Two of the helical subunits of a voltage gated potassium channel, along with carbonyl binding sites at the top, which is the narrowest region of the channel
- The voltage sensor paddles hold four positive charges, making the total sixteen, which slide almost all the way through the fluid membrane.
«The GABA(A) receptor plays a vital role in the mammalian brain and is responsible for a large majority of inhibitory neurotransmissions in the central nervous system (Perrine 144). The GABA(A) receptor is a member of the ionotropic (ligand gated)...» Document abstract
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4 word format
Language : english
biology
school essay
date published
17/09/2007
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level : General public
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SummaryThe GABA(A) receptor plays a vital role in the mammalian brain and is responsible for a large majority of inhibitory neurotransmissions in the central nervous system (Perrine 144). The GABA(A) receptor is a member of the ionotropic (ligand gated) family of receptors that uses GABA, otherwise known as γ-aminobutyric acid, as its ligand. The binding of GABA to the receptor opens the associated ion channel, which in this case is selectively permeable to chlorine ions as they pass down their electrochemical gradient. The negatively charged chlorine ions passing into the cell further negate the postsynaptic membrane potential, usually hyperpolarizing it. This makes it more difficult to depolarize the cell and decreases the probability of further propagation of action potential.
Table of Contents
- The GABA(A) receptor plays a vital role in the mammalian brain and is responsible for a large majority of inhibitory neurotransmissions in the central nervous system
- The GABA(A) receptor consists of five glycoprotein subunits
- Other binding sites exist along the protein shell of the GABA(A) receptor complex, including binding sites for agonists (activating ligands) such as barbiturates(sedatives), certain steroids and benzodiazepines
- Diazepam, commonly known as Valium, with its trademark electron attracting group at the 7th position
- with an ' subunit but the aforementioned two GABA ligands are still necessary for the ion channel to open
- Out of the many types of GABA(A) receptors in the nervous system, it is believed that only a few are affected by benzodiazepines
- There exist three types of benzodiazepines, short lasting, intermediate lasting and long lasting.
- With all these positive effects of benzodiazepines, there is always the risk of taking too much.
- With all these positive effects of benzodiazepines, there is always the risk of taking too much.
«In the “Population Ecology Experiment”, fruit flies were used to investigate the factors that enhanced and limited population growth in these species alone as well as in the presence of other species. In this experiment, the effects of high and low...» Document abstract
$2.95
3 word format
Language : english
biology
case study
date published
18/09/2007
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
requested 4 times
SummaryIn the “Population Ecology Experiment”, fruit flies were used to investigate the factors that enhanced and limited population growth in these species alone as well as in the presence of other species. In this experiment, the effects of high and low population densities in the same size habitat were compared. The habitat was a glass vial containing approximately equal amounts of food and moisture and kept at the same temperature as the other vials that were involved in this project.
Table of Contents
- Introduction:
- Methods:
- Results:
- Data:
- Discussion:
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