Discutez et critiquez les approches marxistes du genre et du développement

Exposé Économie & marchés Théories économiques

Date de publication :

19/01/2009

Langue :

Français

Format :

.doc

Nombre de pages :

4 pages

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avancé

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Sommaire :

Sommaire

Marxist approaches have enables Gender and Development studies to grow richer, conceptualizing women's oppression in economic and materialist perspectives
1. The production pattern of a country determines social positions and development process
2. The Mode of Reproduction hold in place the domination of the 'Bourgeoisie'
3. Marxist approaches deal with women's oppression but also women's liberation
Nevertheless, these Marxist approaches perceive women's oppression just as a consequence, among others, of the Capitalist exploitation
1. Women's question still marginal within Marxist thought and goals of the feminist struggle goal are oriented against Capitalism despite of the gender equality
2. The duality within the Marxist theory about the origins of women's discrimination makes confused Feminism thought
3. The Revolution or a socialist regime cannot assure women's liberation and development
This lack of rigor into Marxist approaches had been the reason of the decline of these theories into the feminist thought
1. Marxist approaches are only focused on economic and materialist aspects
2. Marxist Feminism seems to have been less efficient since feminism trends and demands have changed
3. Obviously, we cannot consider women as a class (Marxist definition)

Résumé :

In Origins of the family, Private Property and the State, Engels refers to the main Marxist idea; « According to the materialistic conception, the determining factor in history is, in the final instance, the production and reproduction of immediate life ».

In Marxism, these social determinisms are the factors of the Human history, in other words of the human exploitation. Capitalism is one of the stages of this materialist history. The Bourgeoisie who possess capital forces and resources exploit workers, underpaying them, and try to perpetuate their dominant class position, preventing social mobility from happening. Marxism's fathers and Marxist feminists perceive women's oppression as the result of this capitalist exploitation. Women symbolize a class of cheap workers and their housework maintains the capitalist system. Thanks for this Marxist analysis; the feminist thought grows richer notably about economic aspects. It provides women's movement with new relevant concepts; like alienation, class consciousness, the surplus Gender and Development has been enriched of global explanation to understand social inequalities. Marxist approaches allude to the socialist revolution to solve the gender and development issue.