« Diagnosis. Treatment. Recommendations. The designation drug allergy should be reserved for adverse drug reactions caused by immunologic mechanisms. ...» Document abstract
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Language : english
medical studies
presentation
date published
31/07/2007
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SummaryThe designation drug allergy should be reserved for adverse drug reactions caused by immunologic mechanisms.
Although drug allergies are responsible for only a few adverse drug effects, the possibility of such reactions is a daily concern of most physicians.
Drug allergy has a great variety of clinical manifestations and has been attributed to most categories of therapeutic agents.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Epidemiology and Etiology
- Pathogenic Mechanisms
- Classification
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Recommendations
« vitamin B12 deficiency, pellagra, peripheral neuritis, dermatitis herpetiformis, drug reactions, and sting deaths in the United States, J Allergy Clin Immunol ...» Document abstract
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2 word format
Language : english
biology
research papers
date published
19/11/2007
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level : Advanced
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SummaryThe phylum Arthropoda contains about four fifths of the known animals of the world, and insects are the largest group of arthropods. Insects are an important part of the biota of all terrestrial and freshwater environments that support life; only in marine environments are they relatively unimportant. More species of insects exist than of any other form of multicellular life, and they may well exceed all other land animals in biomass. Insects can use most animal and plant substances as food, and their feeding plays a vital role in recycling organic compounds. They compete with other organisms for the world's food supplies but are themselves a major food source for many forms of life. They are essential for the pollination of many plants. Insect life cycles are diverse and often complex, involving developmental and sexual stages that are widely different in morphology and ways of life. Although sexual reproduction is the rule, parthenogenesis (unisexual reproduction) and pedogenesis occur. Some groups, such as ants, bees, and termites, have developed a high degree of social organization. During at least part of its life cycle, an insect's body is divided into three distinct regions (head, thorax, and abdomen), with three pairs of legs attached to the thorax. Except for a few primitive or parasitic groups, most adult insects have wings.
Table of Contents
- The greatest direct medical importance of insects is associated with their feeding on human blood and tissue fluids.
- In the eastern United States, blister beetle dermatitis is usually caused by Epicauta species, which occur on many garden plants.
- Patients with delusions of parasitosis are convinced, against all evidence to the contrary, that parasites infest their skin and often their homes and clothing.
- Many patients with parasitophobia know that their fear is groundless but are still unable to overcome it.
« RID (Pfizer, New York, NY) and Triple X (Young's Drug Product, Weatherfield rush immunotherapy for anaphylaxis to imported fire ants, J Allergy Clin Immunol 101 ...» Document abstract
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2 word format
Language : english
biology
research papers
date published
20/11/2007
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level : Advanced
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SummaryLice are small wingless insects that are ectoparasites of mammals. They are mostly host specific, and two species are human parasites: Pthirus pubis (pubic louse) and Pediculus humanus, with two varieties, P. h. capitis (head louse) and P. h. corporis (body louse). They are obligatory parasites, subsisting on blood from the host, and have mouthparts modified for piercing and sucking. The mouthparts are drawn into the head of the louse when not in use.
The adult head louse is about 2 to 4 mm long with an elongated body that is flattened dorsoventrally. The head is only slightly narrower than the thorax. The three pairs of legs are about equal in length and possess delicate hooks at the distal extremities. The entire life is spent on the host's body. The eggs (nits) are deposited on hair shafts, generally one nit to a shaft. The nits hatch in about 1 week, and the freshly hatched larvae, which must feed within 24 hours of hatching or die, mature in about 15 to 16 days. The adult female lives for approximately 1 month and may deposit more than 100 eggs during her reproductive life. Body lice are slightly larger than head lice but are similar in appearance with a similar life cycle, although the nits are deposited on fibers of clothing. Head lice and body lice interbreed.
The adult head louse is about 2 to 4 mm long with an elongated body that is flattened dorsoventrally. The head is only slightly narrower than the thorax. The three pairs of legs are about equal in length and possess delicate hooks at the distal extremities. The entire life is spent on the host's body. The eggs (nits) are deposited on hair shafts, generally one nit to a shaft. The nits hatch in about 1 week, and the freshly hatched larvae, which must feed within 24 hours of hatching or die, mature in about 15 to 16 days. The adult female lives for approximately 1 month and may deposit more than 100 eggs during her reproductive life. Body lice are slightly larger than head lice but are similar in appearance with a similar life cycle, although the nits are deposited on fibers of clothing. Head lice and body lice interbreed.
Table of Contents
- The adult head louse is about 2 to 4 mm long with an elongated body that is flattened dorsoventrally
- Lice are found wherever people are found. Able to exist only briefly away from the human body, lice are spread by close personal contact and by sharing of clothing and bedding.
- The head louse localizes on the scalp and rarely on other hairy areas of the body.
- The body louse lives chiefly in the seams of clothing and is rarely seen on the skin.
- Treatment of all types of lice strives to eradicate lice and nits and prevent reinfestation.
- Body lice may be treated with the same medications, but parasites and nits are not generally found on the skin.
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