Extrait du Second Traité du Gouvernement de John Locke
Date de publication :
21/06/2009
Langue :
Anglais
Format :
.doc
Nombre de pages :
3 pages
Sommaire :
Sommaire
- Locke's theory of property, partly elaborated to refute Filmer's one
- How to transcend former contradictions
Résumé :
This extract from john locke's seconde Treatise of Government exposes the basis of his theory of property which aimed at refuting Filmer's justification of absolute monarchy. Starting from the same basis as contemporary authors, he soon dissents from them. Finally it plays a major role in his global thought and has later been interpretated in many ways, from pure liberalism to collectivism.
According to Edward J. Harpham, locke wanted to provide a rational alternative to Filmer's theory of property and to destroy his justification of absolute arbitrary political power. To strengthen his demonstration he starts from the same source : the Bible. Filmer had argued that God gave the world to Adam as private property or to mankind as a communal grant, concluding that there were only two options : royal proprietorship (by individual inheritance from Adam to kings) or communism. It seriously challenged contractualism by asking how this communal grant could end in private property without a general consent of all men, which appeared technically impossible. locke disagrees and demonstrates that private property is possible, even if we start from the assertion according to which God gave the world to makind in common.
According to Edward J. Harpham, locke wanted to provide a rational alternative to Filmer's theory of property and to destroy his justification of absolute arbitrary political power. To strengthen his demonstration he starts from the same source : the Bible. Filmer had argued that God gave the world to Adam as private property or to mankind as a communal grant, concluding that there were only two options : royal proprietorship (by individual inheritance from Adam to kings) or communism. It seriously challenged contractualism by asking how this communal grant could end in private property without a general consent of all men, which appeared technically impossible. locke disagrees and demonstrates that private property is possible, even if we start from the assertion according to which God gave the world to makind in common.
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