«Describe the logical positivist view of scientific theories. Explain at least one problem with the view, and assess whether it is a problem for all forms of logical positivism. Logical positivism, developed by the members of the Vienna Circle, was a...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
presentation
date published
06/05/2008
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SummaryDescribe the logical positivist view of scientific theories. Explain at least one problem with the view, and assess whether it is a problem for all forms of logical positivism. Logical positivism, developed by the members of the Vienna Circle, was a new way of considering science and language. It was essentially a new version of empiricism based on a theory of language. According the logical positivism the goal of any scientific endeavor, and indeed of science itself, is to trace and forecast patterns, both in every day life and in more esoteric considerations. One way to sum up the logical positivist view is that “there is no alternative route to knowledge besides experience
Working out problems results in better problem solving performance than studying worked-out problems
«Performance = Accomplishment
It is associated to effective management of work, support and feedback
Cognitive Load = Effort
The load imposed on the cognitive system of a learner when performing a particular task
= the amount of effort required...» Document abstract
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9 slides .ppt
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
presentation
date published
05/05/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryPerformance = Accomplishment
It is associated to effective management of work, support and feedback
Cognitive Load = Effort
The load imposed on the cognitive system of a learner when performing a particular task
= the amount of effort required to perform a task.
The factors affected by the cognitive load
They refer to:
the mental load imposed by the task
the mental effort needed to fulfill the task
the level of performance
«Dostoevsky’s Underground Man is an attempt to offer an example of the true result of egoism, as opposed to the rational egoism of Western European Enlightenment literature. It became the intellectual fashion at this time to believe that natural law...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
book review
date published
29/04/2008
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SummaryDostoevsky’s Underground Man is an attempt to offer an example of the true result of egoism, as opposed to the rational egoism of Western European Enlightenment literature. It became the intellectual fashion at this time to believe that natural law was the only law, and that if men acted according to what was in their natural best interests, society would be better off. With Notes From Underground, Dostoevsky sought to fight against the moral corruption of the Russian people by these naturalist European theories. The Underground Man is a true egoist who makes full use of the free will that the rational egoists deny, and because of that is shown to be morally reprehensible. I think it is a mistake to read the Underground Man as being in intellectual agreement with the rational egoists, with emotional contradictions. It seems to me that he feels his form of egoism to be truer and fuller than the form represented by the “good men” who (claim to) act according to the laws of nature. Even a man as sick and wicked as the Underground Man wouldn’t be believably human unless he had a moral conscience, even if he doesn’t behave according to it.
«The abolitionist movement in slave-era America was clear-cut and its ethos was simple: Free all slaves in the name of human rights. Looking back centuries later at those who argued for slavery, most would find holes in their argument that Africans...» Document abstract
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5 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
book review
date published
25/04/2008
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SummaryThe abolitionist movement in slave-era America was clear-cut and its ethos was simple: Free all slaves in the name of human rights. Looking back centuries later at those who argued for slavery, most would find holes in their argument that Africans were meant to be slaves because of their racial inferiority and lack of civilization. The great golden empires of Mali were obviously ignored, as well as the fact that mothers were screaming and crying for their children as they were thrown into nets and hauled away from their villages. Africa had numerous political systems and governments before the age of slavery, and it’s obvious that an African person can feel physical and emotional pain and distress like any other human being. As for intelligence, Africans and African-Americans merely needed to be given a chance to produce such minds as George Washington Carver and Thurgood Marshall. Can any argument on so-called racial inferiority be offered today that can’t be refuted by a non-Eurocentric look at history and biology?
«Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings is her first book dedicated to “all the strong black birds of promise who defy the odds and gods and sing their songs.” The cage represents a life of racism, poverty, illiteracy and dysfunction. The...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
book review
date published
22/04/2008
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SummaryMaya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings is her first book dedicated to “all the strong black birds of promise who defy the odds and gods and sing their songs.” The cage represents a life of racism, poverty, illiteracy and dysfunction. The black birds represent the certain people in the book who overcome these odds and still sing their songs. In this book, Angelou tells us stories of her dysfunctional family, her low self-esteem and her experience with rape and abuse. After all that she goes through, she still rises above this way of life and becomes someone great and successful. She still “sings” even though her life is that of a “caged bird.” In her novel, Angelou writes about herself and others that have risen above the odds to become quite remarkable people considering the resources and circumstances that they were afforded.
The Perfect Blend of Grit and Grace: An examination of cowgirls and their gender roles at the turn of the century
«Every little girl at one time or another played cowgirl. Being a cowgirl is always much more fun than being a little lady, which is what all parents want of their daughters. Little ladies that wear white gloves to church, say their “please” and...» Document abstract
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6 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
term papers
date published
22/04/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryEvery little girl at one time or another played cowgirl. Being a cowgirl is always much more fun than being a little lady, which is what all parents want of their daughters. Little ladies that wear white gloves to church, say their “please” and “thank you’s,” and make sure their dresses are pressed. As much as every little girl wants to be a cowgirl, there were two ladies in the Wild West that did, and became key figures in the Wild West, even though they were women. Miss Lucille Mulhall and Phoebe Ann Moses Butler, known better as Annie Oakley, did more than just turn heads – they were the beginnings of cowgirls as we know it. Some even say that the word “cowgirl” was invented just to define these two rompin’, stompin’ ladies. In a time of Victorian ladies though, these women were not truly accepted as they dared to be athletes, wore pants, and challenged men. This forced the two women to hold a juxtaposition of two strong images: that of the ultra feminine “prairie flower” and that of the hardened, tough woman who was closely associated with Western men.
«Competition is something that has run in my blood since I can remember. I have gone against the grain of what a “normal” female gender role entails, I have been very competitive in all aspect of my life, starting when I was younger with a co-ed...» Document abstract
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4 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
summaries
date published
22/04/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : Advanced
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SummaryCompetition is something that has run in my blood since I can remember. I have gone against the grain of what a “normal” female gender role entails, I have been very competitive in all aspect of my life, starting when I was younger with a co-ed baseball team, which blossomed into playing for a girl’s fast pitch league, and eventually becoming the first female (and youngest) umpire that the suburban Chicagoland area ever had. It wasn’t enough for me just to be an umpire, though, as I felt that if I was going to do it, I was going to be the best; and I did exactly that. I took the time to get my nationally recognized certification, and I worked my way up the ranks. I also took part in other male dominated activities, such as cross country fox hunting on horseback. These are just two of the many examples of my outright competitive nature that is an obvious part of my everyday personality.
«The Platonic idealist is the man who by
nature so wedded to perfection that
he sees in everything not the reality
but the faultless ideal which the
reality misses…”
- George Santayana (1)
Art is subject to interpretation. Each and every...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
presentation
date published
19/04/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : Advanced
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SummaryThe Platonic idealist is the man who by
nature so wedded to perfection that
he sees in everything not the reality
but the faultless ideal which the
reality misses…”
- George Santayana (1)
Art is subject to interpretation. Each and every work of art, from theatre, to music to literature, to painting, to statues, can be manipulated by the observer to strike some chord within them; be it positive, negative, or merely just a neutral sense of recognition.
For the purpose of this paper the artwork subject to interpretation are two ancient Greek statues: Zeus throwing a (missing) thunderbolt, cast in bronze, and a marble sculpture of Hermes with the infant Dionysus.
key words-Dionysus, Zeus, Hermes and Greeks
nature so wedded to perfection that
he sees in everything not the reality
but the faultless ideal which the
reality misses…”
- George Santayana (1)
Art is subject to interpretation. Each and every work of art, from theatre, to music to literature, to painting, to statues, can be manipulated by the observer to strike some chord within them; be it positive, negative, or merely just a neutral sense of recognition.
For the purpose of this paper the artwork subject to interpretation are two ancient Greek statues: Zeus throwing a (missing) thunderbolt, cast in bronze, and a marble sculpture of Hermes with the infant Dionysus.
key words-Dionysus, Zeus, Hermes and Greeks
«Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X personify the argument regarding protest within the Civil rights Movement. The two charismatic leaders wanted civil and economic progress for the African-American community, and their differing perspectives on...» Document abstract
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6 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
presentation
date published
18/04/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : General public
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SummaryMartin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X personify the argument regarding protest within the Civil rights Movement. The two charismatic leaders wanted civil and economic progress for the African-American community, and their differing perspectives on American society in the 1960s form the basis of their respective strategies they would enact in an attempt to combat “the same evil-racism-for the same goal-freedom for African-Americans”. (Cone 2) However, both leaders would change course during the 1960s, particularly near their assassinations. James Cone, professor of Theology at Union Theological Seminary and author of Martin & Malcolm & America: A Dream or a Nightmare, in the aforesaid text highlights the transformation the title figures undergo during their lives and careers. Despite the fact that the goals, methods, and reasonable expectations surrounding the careers of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were initially in contrast, a number of factors contributed to the eventual fusion of ideologies between the two civil rights leaders.
«Human beings are not inherently desirous of war and destruction. Antithetically, their basal concern is preservation preservation of land, property, rights, religion, and life. War has no innate locale in the souls of man; it is a device, and many...» Document abstract
$7.95
8 word format
Language : english
humanities/philosophy
presentation
date published
18/04/2008
review : not yet assessed
level : Advanced
requested 0 times
SummaryHuman beings are not inherently desirous of war and destruction. Antithetically, their basal concern is preservation preservation of land, property, rights, religion, and life. War has no innate locale in the souls of man; it is a device, and many consider it flawed in nature and profoundly negative. Agatha Christie believed “that war settles nothing; to win a war is as disastrous as to lose one” (Christie). Immanuel Kant’s Perpetual Peace highlights the state of war on Earth. Even when war is dormant; it exists. Does it need to? Ideal diplomacy would be characterized by ethical and pragmatic relationships with consideration of the common goal preserving the human race. Traditional logic suggests peaceful climate is necessary to preserve the human race, not the destruction associated with war. Kant argues that “The state of peace among men living side by side is not the natural state (status naturalist); the natural state is one of war” (Kant 2). Humans will transition from the state of war to perpetual peace when ready, when perpetual peace becomes natural, when intellect creates mechanisms to properly harness human nature; until then, that mechanism is war.
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