Imaginaire celtique : la naissance du désir, d'après des textes d'André Suarès et William Butler Yeats

Exposé Philosophie & littérature Littérature

Date de publication :

08/06/2009

Langue :

Anglais

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.doc

Nombre de pages :

12 pages

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avancé

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Sommaire :

Sommaire

How does Ireland predispose the heroes to melancholy and desire of the elsewhere?
The birth of desire in the plays and the heroes' dissatisfaction towards the temporal world
The intervention of the figures of death in reply to their call

Résumé :

Comparative study of Ellys et Thanatos of andré suarès, The Shadowy Waters and The Land of Heart's Desire of william butler yeats.
"Le rêve ondule sur la mer. Qu'est-ce que tout cela ? La pensée d'un mort, qui médite la vie ?... Ou la vie qui s'adore elle-même, dans la langueur ? Ou... On m'appelle, de l'autre rive ." It is within the landscapes of Cornouaille that suarès indulged in this meditation which ended up in the writing of his hymn to Brittany, Le livre de l'Emeraude which led to the creation of the spirit which animates his drama Ellys et Thanatos. He found there, "le climat de [s]on amour", a love in which the most intensive joys are tinged with sadness. Facing the ocean, the soul loses the measure of its humanity in the contemplation of a superhuman beauty and gives itself to the vertigo of infinite. suarès found in these landscapes the incarnation of his longing for beauty and greatness. However, this spirit is not specific to Brittany: it belongs to the whole Celtic world; and suarès was aware of it when he said: "Terre celtique, combien je vous aime (...). Ils sont rares désormais les nids de la mélancolie où éclosent les songes et la musique ."

It is in this sense of emotional belonging to the Celtic world, one by adoption, the other by birth, that andré suarès and william butler yeats met each other. Exact contemporary with suarès, yeats was one of the main leaders of the Celtic Revival, literary Irish movement which aimed at producing an original work drawn from the roots of Irish culture distinct from the English influences. This revival resulted in the creation of the Abbey Theatre or National Theatre of Ireland. It is within this context of youth, of national extolling and rediscovery of an Irish mythical occulted past, and for the repertory of the Abbey Theatre, that yeats wrote the plays we chose to study in link with Ellys et Thanatos: The Land of Heart Desire and The Shadowy Waters of which we kept the versions of 1900 and 1910. However, it would be erroneous to conclude that yeats's interest in Celtic imaginary was only due to nationalism. The particularity of his Irishism is clearly explained by Richard Ellmann in The Identity of W.B. yeats: "His poetry makes use of national and local borders only to transcend them [...] and his interest in Irishmen is always subordinated to an interest in men ." Hence, more than the idea of nation, it is the idea of civilisation that we would like to underline in this study.