Lab Report on Reflexology
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document in english
medical studies
case study
date published 09/10/2007
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Summary Reflexes are the body’s involuntary responses to various stimuli. They are controlled in large part by the human nervous system which has three main functions: sensory input, integration, and motor output. Sensory input is due to sensory receptors throughout the body collecting information about one’s external surroundings and internal environment, and relaying them to various information centers. A sensory receptor recognizes some form of stimulus in the external or internal environment and responds by creating graded potentials or action potentials in the cell or in the cell adjacent to it. These action potentials consequently lead to integration. Integration is mainly carried out within the Central Nervous System, which consists of the brain and spinal cord in humans. (Campbell, 1024) Motor output is what occurs when the central nervous system makes sense of the sensory input due to integration, and sends information to effector cells in the body. Effector cells are the gland cells or muscle cells that make sure the body’s responses to certain stimuli are carried out. (Campbell, 1024) Nerves conduct these signals. Specifically speaking, the particular nerves that relay the motor and sensory information from the central nervous system jointly make up what is called the peripheral nervous system.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Reflexes are the body's involuntary responses to various stimuli.
- Neurons are the main unit of the nervous system.
- The whole process of a knee jerk reflex requires only three neurons.
- Results
- Table 2 shows the results of the first test, during which we delivered a tap to the patellar tendon with the hammer.
- In the third experiment on a human subject, we incorporated the Jendrassik maneuver.
- Two important terms to define are flexion and extension.
- Discussion
- Even though sources of error do exist, our results closely mimic our hypothesis.
- In the third experiment, we combined the use of the Jendrassik maneuver with the involuntary knee jerk reflex, once again striking the patellar tendon directly with the hammer.
- Negative feedback is the process where a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial reaction.
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