«Mikhail Bakhtin is a philosopher and theorist who defies easy categorization. He has been associated with Marxist Literary critics, Russian Formalists and structuralists. While he has elements in common with all three, he also differs greatly from...» Document abstract
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SummaryMikhail Bakhtin is a philosopher and theorist who defies easy categorization. He has been associated with Marxist Literary critics, Russian Formalists and structuralists. While he has elements in common with all three, he also differs greatly from them in fundamental ways. His works and theories have become almost a category unto themselves, and their influence stretch across many disciplines and subjects. His most influential ideas in the area of literature concern the novel.
Bakhtin reconceived the way the novel is analyzed. Rejecting traditional stylistics based on poetry, he conceived the novel as the intersection of various strata within a language. The novel, according to Bakhtin, best represented how language in society actually worked; meaning is relative, provisional and situational, individual speech is influenced by what has been said before and what will come after.
Bakhtin reconceived the way the novel is analyzed. Rejecting traditional stylistics based on poetry, he conceived the novel as the intersection of various strata within a language. The novel, according to Bakhtin, best represented how language in society actually worked; meaning is relative, provisional and situational, individual speech is influenced by what has been said before and what will come after.
«During the first half of the twentieth century, the United States, along with much of the world, saw great strides made in the feminist movement. The rights of and respect toward women were beginning to take an upward momentum, and at the same...» Document abstract
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Language : english
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SummaryDuring the first half of the twentieth century, the United States, along with much of the world, saw great strides made in the feminist movement. The rights of and respect toward women were beginning to take an upward momentum, and at the same time, traditional ideas of masculine infallibility and superiority were being brought down. Literature, as always, had its finger on the pulse of this social change, and many authors chose to write about not just the women gaining power, but the men losing it.
Keywords: F. Scott Fitzgerald, Babylon Revisited, Bowman
Keywords: F. Scott Fitzgerald, Babylon Revisited, Bowman
«Ernest Hemingway’s first collection of stories, In Our Time, published in 1925, was heavily influenced by his then friend Sherwood Anderson’s 1919 collection Winesburg, Ohio. The most notable difference in the times in which the stories are set is...» Document abstract
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SummaryErnest Hemingway’s first collection of stories, In Our Time, published in 1925, was heavily influenced by his then friend Sherwood Anderson’s 1919 collection Winesburg, Ohio. The most notable difference in the times in which the stories are set is Winesburg, Ohio is set before World War I, and In Our Time is set just after. The result of this is a feeling of potential in Anderson’s work, and a feeling of hopelessness in Hemingway’s. Anderson’s characters are amusing in their ridiculous grotesqueness, such as Alice Hindman’s drastic naked run through the streets to cure her loneliness, or Elmer Cowley’s sudden unexplainable violent outbursts to show the world he “ain’t so queer”. Though these stories are tragic, they are not as tragic as Hemingway’s which take the innocence of youth and break it down before the readers eyes, directly through tragedy, in which the final result is the death of that innocence. Both collections feature different stories about different characters, but they also keep coming back to a central character, George Willard in Winesburg, Ohio, and Nick Adams in Our Time.
«In books 5 and 6 of Plato’s Republic, the issue of who should rule society is addressed. Through out the dialogue, the character Socrates makes several arguments for the intelligence, virtue and worth of philosophers as people and as potential...» Document abstract
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research papers
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SummaryIn books 5 and 6 of Plato’s Republic, the issue of who should rule society is addressed. Through out the dialogue, the character Socrates makes several arguments for the intelligence, virtue and worth of philosophers as people and as potential rulers. In this paper I will examine his arguments for granting “philosopher kings” ruler ship of society. I will provide criticisms for these arguments and examine those criticisms by reapplying the ideas of Plato. I will conclude with my arguments for and against the theory of kings as philosophers and philosophers as kings.
Keywords: Glaucon, guardians of the city
Keywords: Glaucon, guardians of the city
«The past can be a daunting thing. From personal memory to history at large, the past has the power to bury those unable to establish a healthy relationship with it. One can easily become trapped – paralyzed – in the past through guilt, regret, or...» Document abstract
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SummaryThe past can be a daunting thing. From personal memory to history at large, the past has the power to bury those unable to establish a healthy relationship with it. One can easily become trapped – paralyzed – in the past through guilt, regret, or nostalgia, emotions generated based upon socially-constructed ideological frameworks of absolutes. James Joyce's novel, Ulysses, represents an ideal relationship with the past in its narrative, its structure, and its form, a relationship in which history acts as a base from which to build a future. By presenting the paralyzing dangers of becoming trapped in history and highlighting how one might grow towards the future while maintaining a relationship with the past through the character of Leopold Bloom, his relationship with Stephen Dedalus, and the experimental, multi-styled form of the novel itself, Ulysses combines numerous elements which add up to something radically new, but something deeply grounded in the work and history of the past.
«The adage “history repeats itself,” like many adages, sometimes seem disingenuous; they are neatly packaged concepts that lack any definitive details that would give one a context to consider them properly. In Corregidora, there is an expansion of...» Document abstract
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literature
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SummaryThe adage “history repeats itself,” like many adages, sometimes seem disingenuous; they are neatly packaged concepts that lack any definitive details that would give one a context to consider them properly. In Corregidora, there is an expansion of this idea of history and repetition. Gayl Jones uses a variety of catalysts to examine how the past manifests and affects characters in the present. These catalysts – the historical, biological, and reproductive contexts – tend to focus on the unwanted and uncalculated consequences of internalization.
Keywords: Ursa, Ann duCille, Ethical Ambiguities, Living the Legacy
Keywords: Ursa, Ann duCille, Ethical Ambiguities, Living the Legacy
«Paulo Freire’s “problem-posing” instructional method in his essay “The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education” is an essential educational technique. Freire’s proposed approach to education not only calls for change in educational practices, it also holds...» Document abstract
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SummaryPaulo Freire’s “problem-posing” instructional method in his essay “The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education” is an essential educational technique. Freire’s proposed approach to education not only calls for change in educational practices, it also holds greater sociopolitical implications. The anticipated result of Freire’s educational concept is the empowerment of the minority class through reality-based instruction. And Freire’s problem-posing concept is ultimately crucial for oppressed classes to achieve “their ontological vocation to be more fully human” (Freire, 76).
«Emile Zola and Kate Chopin both present texts that depict the fall of a heroine. Nana and Edna Pontellier Naturalistically represent archetypal women of the late 19th century; Nana, as a courtesan, represents the rising lower class, and Edna...» Document abstract
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Language : english
literature
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date published
14/04/2008
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SummaryEmile Zola and Kate Chopin both present texts that depict the fall of a heroine. Nana and Edna Pontellier Naturalistically represent archetypal women of the late 19th century; Nana, as a courtesan, represents the rising lower class, and Edna representing the upper-middle class. Despite the cultural gap between Nana and Edna, their archetypal nature assures that the fundamental aspects of the texts that they appear in follow the formulaic representation of the “Other.” They are outcast women of the 19th century in pursuit of the financial and the personal – that is, they both desire independence from dominance, and the means to do so.
«“Otherness” describes a person engaging in the reflexive act of defining their identity in reference to another person. In this way, Otherness is a definitive means of exploring the relationships between social castes and gender relationships. In...» Document abstract
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Language : english
literature
book review
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Summary“Otherness” describes a person engaging in the reflexive act of defining their identity in reference to another person. In this way, Otherness is a definitive means of exploring the relationships between social castes and gender relationships. In Hard Times, these two types of Otherness – social and gender relations – not only exist, but appear in a hybridized and utterly complex way character of Charles Dickens’ work.
Keywords: Tamise Van Pelt, Gradgrind, Louisa
Keywords: Tamise Van Pelt, Gradgrind, Louisa
«The theme I select to examine in A Byzantine Novel Drosilla And Charikles, is the power of love. Love in the time of Drosilla and Charikles was an entirely different concept. Especially from what we are accustomed to today. Loving someone fifty...» Document abstract
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SummaryThe theme I select to examine in A Byzantine Novel Drosilla And Charikles, is the power of love. Love in the time of Drosilla and Charikles was an entirely different concept. Especially from what we are accustomed to today. Loving someone fifty years ago, isn't even close to how we love a person today. Theses differences have always fascinated people and continue to fascinate them today. The books The Notebook and A Byzantine Novel Drosilla And Charikles are about powerful first loves.
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