Comment les organismes à but non-lucratif peuvent-elles assurer leur survie et même leur croissance en comprenant leurs acteurs ?

Currently most of the world's population lives in democratic societies and market-based economies. However too many people are still confronting to high levels of inequality, insecurity and uncertainty. The third sector, voluntary sector or more generally the nonprofit sector, defined as the "[...] sector is the contested arena between the state and the market where public and private concerns meet and where individual and social efforts are united" (Frumkin, 2002) actually strives to alleviate these situations throughout the world. To achieve their missions, nonprofits need resources: human resources, financial resource and legitimacy that they have to collect outside their organization.

Indeed, nonprofit organizations are opened system because they cannot produce their necessary resources internally and have to mobilize resources from other organization to assure their survival. Hence organizations become dependent from and begin to exchange with external organizations and individuals which constitute their task environment and their network of interdependencies. All these independencies involve a power relationship that creates uncertainties.
In order to reduce these uncertainties, organizations will try to manage efficiently their relationship with their environment. With this paper we will try to explore how nonprofit organizations could assure their survival and even their growth by understanding their stakeholders in order to create appropriate relationship that will allow them to obtain their necessary resources.