Pelvic Innervations
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medical studies
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date published 26/11/2007
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SummarySurgical Anatomy of the Retroperitoneum, Kidneys, and Ureters; only the pelvic courses of its nerves are reviewed here. The iliohypogastric nerve (L1) travels between, and supplies, the internal oblique and the transversus muscles and pierces the internal and external oblique muscles 3 cm above the external inguinal ring to supply sensation over the lower anterior abdomen and pubis. The ilioinguinal nerve (L1) passes through the internal oblique muscle to enter the inguinal canal laterally. It travels anterior to the cord and exits the external ring to provide sensation to the mons pubis and anterior scrotum or labia majora. The genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2) pierces the psoas muscle to reach its anterior surface in the retroperitoneum and then travels to the pelvis and splits into genital and femoral branches. The latter supplies sensation over the anterior thigh below the inguinal ligament. The genital branch follows the cord through the inguinal canal, supplies the cremaster muscle, and supplies sensation to the anterior scrotum.
Table of Contents- Lumbosacral Plexus
- For most of its pelvic course, the femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4) travels within the substance of the psoas muscle and then exits its lateral side to pass under the inguinal ligament
- Pelvic Autonomic Plexus
- Presynaptic parasympathetic innervation arises from the intermediolateral cell column of the sacral cord.
- The most caudal portion of the pelvic plexus gives rise to the innervation of the prostate and the important cavernosal nerves.
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