The Politics of Development

Exposé Politique & international Sciences politiques

Date de publication :

07/05/2007

Langue :

Anglais

Format :

.doc

Nombre de pages :

3 pages

Niveau :

avancé

Consulté :

3 fois

Avis client :

non évalué

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le comité Oboulo.com

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Sommaire :

Sommaire

The main classical theories of development and their involvements
The new ways to consider and promote development worldwide

Résumé :

The idea of development was first evoked by former US President Truman in 1949, in the context of dawning cold war opposing western economies to communism, in order to justify the economical and technical assistance that the "developed" countries had to provide to the then considered as "under-developed" countries to help them catching up our western societies models . More than 50 years later, this notion of development is still at stake, as of "the 6 billion people on the planet, 3 billions live in developing countries and in conditions that meet widely accepted definitions of poverty" . The General Assembly of the United Nations has adopted, in its Millennium Declaration, very ambitious resolutions in order to reduce poverty and favour development. Among these resolutions, one seeks "to halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of the world's people whose income is less than one dollar a day and the proportion of people who suffer from hunger and, by the same date, to halve the proportion of people who are unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water". These ambitious goals on which the United Nations have agreed raise the question of how we should reach these goals, and more precisely, how development should be promoted. Answering this will undoubtedly lead us to define what development really means through competing theories on how should a state realize development and what really characterized development. In the past, many theories have almost exclusively linked development to economic growth, but nowadays, the idea of development is more and more linked to qualitative values in order to find a more fair and appropriate way to evaluate development but also to discover possible "stepping stones" that could favour development. I will first introduce the habitual theories of development and their consequences before accounting for the new forms of evaluating and reaching development.