Politique et technologie: le pouvoir des OGM

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7 pages word

anglais

sciences politiques

exposé

publié le 02/08/2008

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niveau : grand public

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Résumé

In 1953, DNA was discovered. This discovery was the revolution of its century: if the XXth century was the century of the atom, the XXIth will be that of the DNA.
But once you have discovered a code, you certainly want to use it. This is the reason why further researches were made so that short after, a series of scientific advances such as the creation of the first recombinant bacteria, in 1973, enabled scientists to modify the genetic code of an organism for the first time.
Genetically modified organisms, a concept that sounded, a few decades ago, like science-fiction, are now currently used in such large industries as food industry. GMOs are everywhere, but they aren’t consensual in any way, though: some people place immense hopes in them, believing they are a way to eradicate the most horrible harms and diseases, whereas other people are so strongly opposed to GMOs – that they consider as potential bombs, because of their potentially unknown risks – that they are willing to go in jail if necessary to defend their convictions.
Why are GMOs such a politically sensible matter? Partly because they have become a very attractive business for multinational firms – and this can appear to be a problem for a technology offering so many possibilities, and so many dangerous ones.
This is the question this paper will focus on: can the DNA discovery, and GMOs, become a way to control the world, and how?
It seems relevant to begin this analysis with a further scientific explanation on what GMOs really are – how they are made, and what this technology can be used for.
We will then, after this scientific part, focus on the political aspect of the subject, studying the domination of multinational firms on the GMOs Empire, an international issue, then GMOs and bio-war, before explaining how scientists believed DNA was the key of the living beings – just like code is the key of software.

Sommaire

Some technical explanations about GMOs and their use
1. What are GMOs and how are they made?
2. What does this knowledge allow to do?
The GMO Empire: an international political and cultural issue
1. Multinational firms and the GMOs: making money on genetic engineering
2. GMOs and bio-war
3. Being and Technology: are living beings computers that can be decoded and improved, just like human-made machines?