«The Buddhist path leading toward nirvana is one properly undertaken with the understanding that enlightenment is something coming in degrees, and perhaps without a finite ‘ending point.’ It is not unlike the mathematical concept of a limit. “The...» Document abstract
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humanities/philosophy
school essay
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09/10/2007
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SummaryThe Buddhist path leading toward nirvana is one properly undertaken with the understanding that enlightenment is something coming in degrees, and perhaps without a finite ‘ending point.’ It is not unlike the mathematical concept of a limit. “The limit of ‘the function of x’ as x approaches infinity” illustrates the spiritual progress of a person on the Buddhist path. Though the infinity point might never be reached, except in the Buddha’s ultimate parinirvana, a practitioner can aim to approach the line nonetheless. Buddhism is thus a system of existential calculus. Accordingly, the Buddha’s teachings are divided into three vehicles customized to drive different sorts of people along the same path. The Hinayana constitutes the original teachings of the Shakyamuni Buddha to his monk followers. The Mahayana scriptures are composed of teachings that were transmitted to the Buddha’s more advanced students and thus constitute more refined knowledge. The Vajrayana tradition of terma mind-treasure allows for a continuous stream of new teachings to be uncovered by highly-realized practitioners beyond the time of the historical Buddha. The three yanas are thus skillful means (upaya) that allows all people to benefit from the teachings regardless of their current position along the curve towards enlightenment; each ‘yana’ assumes a different amount of life understanding and teaches accordingly. All teach, as summarized by aphorism 183 of the Dhammapadda, “not to do any evil, to cultivate good, to purify one’s mind (Rahula, 131).
Table of Contents
- The Buddhist path leading toward nirvana is one properly undertaken with the understanding that enlightenment is something coming in degrees, and perhaps without a finite ‘ending point.?
- The Hinayana assumes no previous understanding of the ‘function' which processes an individual ‘x' along the path towards enlightenment.
- The ten stages of bodhisattva practice
- The Mahayana's school of Citta-Matra (mind-only) incorporates theories which allow for a practical application of selfless samadhi.
- The three yanas each produce enlightened masters of distinct personalities
- The Prajnaparamita Sutra decries the false-logic which could give rise to despair at the length of ‘time' required for enlightenment in the Mahayana paradigm.
«William Shakespeare’s extensive investigation into social life in his earlier plays allowed him to instead focus on the more complex topic of human consciousness, which he pursues through magical inhuman characters, in his final play The Tempest. ...» Document abstract
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Language : english
literature
school essay
date published
09/10/2007
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level : General public
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SummaryWilliam Shakespeare’s extensive investigation into social life in his earlier plays allowed him to instead focus on the more complex topic of human consciousness, which he pursues through magical inhuman characters, in his final play The Tempest. In his book The Feeling of What Happens, Antonio Damasio expresses the different states of consciousness and selves from the autonomic proto-self, to the constantly changing core self, to the memory-based autobiographical self, and finally to the far-reaching extended consciousness. Shakespeare investigates consciousness through his magical character Ariel, who exhibits all the levels of consciousness to varying degrees. Ariel’s hyper active proto and extended consciousnesses allow him to control his shape and visibility and think of many creative ways to manipulate the other characters, but his core and autobiographical selves remain underdeveloped as they hinge on Prospero’s motivations for his actions.
Table of Contents
- William Shakespeare's extensive investigation into social life in his earlier plays allowed him to instead focus on the more complex topic of human consciousness, which he pursues through magical inhuman characters, in his final play The Tempest.
- Ariel's superhuman abilities extend from manipulating his body to make himself invisible to some people and visible to others, to transforming from an airy spirit to a nymph to a harpy
- Prospero demands that Ariel change his body's shape to that of a nymph and make it visible only to some people.
- Prospero commanded Ariel to create the illusion of a storm that wracked the king's ship and to leave the passengers in various groups scattered about the island.
- Despite Ariel's strong sense of his physical self and his well-developed extended consciousness, his core self remains weak. Damasio states that the core self 'provides the organism with a sense of self about one moment?
- Through his character Ariel, Shakespeare shows that, even though Damasio's levels of consciousness build on one another, one can exhibit varying quantities of each level of consciousness.
- In this way, Shakespeare shows that all power comes at a price, making one amazing in some areas and deficient in others.
«According to the “Intimate Relationships,” gender roles are patterns of behavior that are culturally expected of “normal” men and women. The most common and traditional gender roles imply that men are supposed to be “masculine” and women are...» Document abstract
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Language : english
sociology
school essay
date published
09/10/2007
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level : Advanced
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SummaryAccording to the “Intimate Relationships,” gender roles are patterns of behavior that are culturally expected of “normal” men and women. The most common and traditional gender roles imply that men are supposed to be “masculine” and women are supposed to be “feminine.” Defined using dictionary.com, masculine means “having qualities traditionally ascribed to men, such as strength and boldness,” while feminine means “having qualities traditionally ascribed to women, such as sensitivity or gentleness.”
Table of Contents
- A young girl plays with her dollhouse as her older brother plays football in the backyard with his friends.
- Gender Roles
- According to Cleveland, Udry, & Chantala (2001) and Lippa & Hershberger (1999), people inherit only about a quarter to a third of their tendencies to be either assertive or kind, and the rest are learned through society
- It is because not all people fit in to what we've been brought up to believe is 'normal' as a man or woman that gender roles have such a strong affect on our relationships.
- Her husband, Terry, who grew up in a household where neither his mother nor sister drove a car or held jobs, said that he isn't sexist but just isn't used to a woman who takes so much control and doesn't need him as much as he'd like to feel needed.
- Though we're becoming more open to various ideas about gender and sex, we're still a society that is comforted by a feeling of tradition.
«The Iraqw of Tanzania, by Katherine Snyder, is a detailed ethnographic account of the affects of Maendeleo (progress and development) on the Iraqw people of northern Tanzania, shaped partially by the struggle between the young and the old to capture...» Document abstract
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3 word format
Language : english
literature
school essay
date published
09/10/2007
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level : General public
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SummaryThe Iraqw of Tanzania, by Katherine Snyder, is a detailed ethnographic account of the affects of Maendeleo (progress and development) on the Iraqw people of northern Tanzania, shaped partially by the struggle between the young and the old to capture the true essence of Iraqw culture. However, she argues that they are not squarely against modernization in their area instead they adapt and often take an active role in the process while questioning what modernization means to them.
Table of Contents
- Snyder supplements her claims about Maendeleo among the Iraqw people of Tanzania with some typical ethnographic background.
- Snyder claims that regardless of all these changes many traditional practices remain rooted inside the culture.
- Katherine Snyder's ethnographic research on the Iraqw was fascinating to read through, partly because of the personal stories told throughout, but it was also slightly predictable.
- With all of that said, I very much enjoyed the combination of facts and analysis that Snyder provides especially the comparison of religions, old and new.
- This new cash economy also brought with it a large and ever growing income disparity, still small by our standards with the rich receiving up to 15,000 a year and the poor living on as little as 300 a year, but very demoralizing for the people.
- Hunger and Shame approaches the subject of malnutrition from an interesting and personal point of view, not blaming any particular system and denying the existence of a single solution to the immense problem.
«Paul Laurence Dunbar and Edwin Arlington Robinson created “We Wear the Mask” and “Richard Cory” during the literary renaissance after World War I. Society was targeted and critiqued by authors who wanted to describe the “spiritual problems and...» Document abstract
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literature
school essay
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09/10/2007
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SummaryPaul Laurence Dunbar and Edwin Arlington Robinson created “We Wear the Mask” and “Richard Cory” during the literary renaissance after World War I. Society was targeted and critiqued by authors who wanted to describe the “spiritual problems and disillusionments” (p 765). Dunbar and Robinson described the feeling of alienation, or estrangement from society and its ideals. The insightful theme of alienation critiqued society as being false; ideals of money, power, and social politics were corrupting the modern minds.
Table of Contents
- Paul Laurence Dunbar and Edwin Arlington Robinson created 'We Wear the Mask' and 'Richard Cory' during the literary renaissance after World War I.
- Alienation is very subtle and personal; something not easily observed just by a person's appearance.
- Paul Laurence Dunbar intimates the inner feelings by the alienated person in 'We Wear the Mask?.
- The different texts about alienation are so similar that they should be read and interpreted together.
- The literary renaissance after the First World War detailed the spiritual disillusionment many people experienced.
- By exploring 'We Wear the Mask', the intimately private critique of an alienated speaker point to clues of how desperate life is in a society that deflects his personal beliefs
«The author of either a novel or a short story has one main purpose: to dazzle the reader. However, dazzling the reader is a difficult process because we don’t all have the same attention spans, or have the same interests, or even enjoy the same...» Document abstract
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Language : english
literature
school essay
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09/10/2007
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SummaryThe author of either a novel or a short story has one main purpose: to dazzle the reader. However, dazzling the reader is a difficult process because we don’t all have the same attention spans, or have the same interests, or even enjoy the same words on the pages that other reader’s find enjoyable. It’s a phenomenon of sorts, when an author attains such remarkable success in the eyes of the reading public; one has to remark to oneself: ‘Why does everyone want to read this particular author’s work?’ In short, the reader’s were dazzled by the presentation of characters, the situation, the consequence, the author’s careful manipulation of certain details to provide those nearly elusive underlying themes. Such authors as Agatha Christie and Arthur Conan Doyle enjoyed staggering success with populations across the world – but how did these detective-story writers do it? What was it that these author’s possessed for them to seemingly somehow conjure millions of people to read their body of work? In such stories as Agatha Christie’s The Mysterious Affair at Styles, and Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Hound of the Baskervilles, they convey the author’s mastery of tension. In a detective story, it is important for the author to pique the reader’s interest, and then lure them along with the correct amount of tension that doesn’t reveal too much, but just enough to move the story along. In both stories by Christie and Doyle, the author’s use a specific setting of the isolated country-house to create the effects of tension. The country-house is inherently thought of as being inhabited by noble, wealthy aristocrats, who have a staff of servants to run the household.
Table of Contents
- The author of either a novel or a short story has one main purpose: to dazzle the reader.
- Isolation is one of the advantages a detective-story writer gains by setting the action in a country-house.
- Loyalty and faithfulness to the household can go so far; however, there lies another advantage for the detective-story writer in setting the action in a country-house – the servants always have a motive for committing a crime.
- For a family sect to own a large country-house and to employ a staff of servants to run the household, it assumes that there is a decent, if not bountiful sum of money running through the owner's blue blood.
- What Doyle shows is a country-house estate, one that has fallen from grace, and needs to have its good name restored to the glory that it once possessed.
- The detective-story writer gains several advantages to setting the action of the story in a country-house:
- Perhaps the setting of a country-house has become cliché over the years, but both Christie and Conan Doyle established the country-house setting as one that is beneficial to the advantage of the detective-story writer.
«We’ve all been there; the legs feel tired, the heart is pounding and the body’s exhaust systems are beginning to shut down- and the workout is just starting to wind down! The question is, how much should you cool down? “Junk miles”, as they are...» Document abstract
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Language : english
sports
school essay
date published
08/10/2007
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level : General public
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SummaryWe’ve all been there; the legs feel tired, the heart is pounding and the body’s exhaust systems are beginning to shut down- and the workout is just starting to wind down! The question is, how much should you cool down? “Junk miles”, as they are generally known, are the miles that serve as padding for many an athlete’s training program and they boost weekly mileage and offer bragging rights to anybody who will listen, but are they really effective or are they just a big waste of time?
Table of Contents
- We've all been there; the legs feel tired, the heart is pounding and the body's exhaust systems are beginning to shut down- and the workout is just starting to wind down! The question is, how much should you cool down?
- Allen, who also holds the record for the oldest Ironman victor at age 37, is a strong believer that each and every workout has a principle reason.
- Junk miles in general are typically referred to as any type of workout that interferes (i.e. tires you out) with your scheduled speed workouts when speed work should be the focus of your training.
- And guess what' Lessing isn't alone in this thinking, especially in the world of triathlon training because time is battled nearly as much as competitors!
- This workout cycle is designed to magnify the intensity of hard running while still providing endurance benefits.
- Thompson talks about his own experiences with off-season junk training saying, 'In the off-season, junk miles are good because you need a break from hard structured training and it's good to stay active to help maintain weight.?
- The American Heart Association is quick to note that several high blood pressure medications tend to lower the maximum heart rates of certain individuals, which in turn lowers their target zone rate
- You see, swimming takes a constant effort which must be used continually throughout any swim workout.
- So, swimming is a pretty tiring activity and according to most elites it is a tough discipline to rack up junk miles, but not impossible.
- Is it good' Is it bad' Will it make me faster' Slower?
- You know what, if only they would say the same thing about eating habits!
«“A manifestation of any of these qualities: bravery, courtesy, honor.” This is the definition of the world chivalry as found in the dictionary. Though it was first coined during the Medieval Age, the idea still hold true today. One of the greatest...» Document abstract
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Summary“A manifestation of any of these qualities: bravery, courtesy, honor.” This is the definition of the world chivalry as found in the dictionary. Though it was first coined during the Medieval Age, the idea still hold true today. One of the greatest books of chivalry is Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote. The hero of the story, Don Quixote, rides into the world to correct the evils that have befallen society. Over the course of his journeys, he routinely mistakes situations and tries to help where his assistance is not needed, usually resulting in creating more problems for the victim. He is driven by the idea of chivalry and idea that had been imbedded in his mind from the books he has read about knights of old. By showing different instances how Quixote makes things worse and not better, Cervantes both glorifies and pokes fun at the notion of chivalry. However, as a reader, one can not admire a man who leaves behind is home to help others in the world. Even if he creates and imaginary problem out of nothing, the reader still recognizes that he genuinely tries and help, as opposed to just sitting back and watching the world go by. In today’s society, Quixote would feel out of place, not only for his dress and manner of speaking, but also because the world today lacks the kind of people who would go out of their way to help someone else. It appears that many people today or so wrapped up in their own lives that they do not take the time to help others. Thought Cervantes’ book was written centuries ago, the chivalric qualities of honor, courtesy, and bravery displayed by Quixote are ones that are lacking in today’s society.
Table of Contents
- 'A manifestation of any of these qualities: bravery, courtesy, honor.' This is the definition of the world chivalry as found in the dictionary.
- Don Quixote is a man of considerable wealth. He comes from a small village in La Mancha, where he lives by himself with servants.
- The adventures that the two encounter are not world wars that would alter the course of history, but are rather small situations where Cervantes is able to comment on Quixote's actions.
- Though these are only two small adventures in the whole story, they highlight a key point in the novel.
- Simple courtesy is something that is very lacking in today's world.
- The character of Don Quixote can teach us a lot about ourselves.
«When Steven King releases a new novel it is bound to be one of the scariest works of literature around. King’s books, filled with images of deformed dolls and haunted houses, strike fear in the hearts of his readers. King’s writing appeals to our...» Document abstract
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literature
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SummaryWhen Steven King releases a new novel it is bound to be one of the scariest works of literature around. King’s books, filled with images of deformed dolls and haunted houses, strike fear in the hearts of his readers. King’s writing appeals to our senses, torturing and manipulating them to create a sense of fear. We are horrified immediately following the reading of a scary line, but that sensation only last for a minute until we are brought back to reality. We know that what we just read is not about to happen and is completely fiction so we get on with our lives. While the “high” we get from this sensual fear alters our senses, it is the horror of reality that strikes true fear into people. Most of the time we can clearly see this horror, but the true horror comes when a nightmare exist right in front of our eyes, yet we are blinded to it until someone comes along and reveals it to us. These prophetic voices, like writers such as William Blake and Mary Shelly, open our eyes to the horrors of reality, but they do so in a subtle way. In neither of their writings do these authors expressly condemn certain aspects of society, but rather make these horrors known, leaving it up to the reader to make their own decisions. Through the readings of Frankenstein and the “Songs of Innocence and Experience”, the reader must “bring in their own sense” in order to begin to see the horrors that are hidden from most of society.
Table of Contents
- When Steven King releases a new novel it is bound to be one of the scariest works of literature around. King's books, filled with images of deformed dolls and haunted houses, strike fear in the hearts of his readers.
- In Joseph Conrad's book Heart of Darkness, Kurtz proclaims in his last breath, 'The horror, the horror!?
- In contrast to Blake, Mary Shelly's writing does not attempt to portray the ills of society, but rather focuses on the relationship between science and nature.
- The interesting aspect of both author's writings is that neither explicitly voices their opinions on certain subjects.
- The interesting aspect of both author's writings is that neither explicitly voices their opinions on certain subjects.
- When Frankenstein, at the end of the novel, is taken in by Walton onto his ship, he continues his lament of his creation.
- After reading these works, we are now equipped with the knowledge of such horrors which can be a double-edged sword.
«“For doubting pleases me no less than knowing.” This quote by Dante which Montaigne uses in his essays strikes at the heart of his ideas about education. He believes that the ancient ways of Aristotle, where one learns through the text of learned...» Document abstract
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humanities/philosophy
school essay
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Summary“For doubting pleases me no less than knowing.” This quote by Dante which Montaigne uses in his essays strikes at the heart of his ideas about education. He believes that the ancient ways of Aristotle, where one learns through the text of learned men, are outdated because it does not force one to think for themselves. When someone begins to doubt it means they are finally beginning to analyze and question the validity of what they have been told, and only in this way can achieve true knowledge. Montaigne further stresses that the best way to learn is through real life experiences, rather than being cooped up in a room with a tutor. This “ancient” way of learning was the only thing that Edgar, from Shakespeare’s “King Lear”, ever knew. Growing up the son of a nobleman he was isolated from the world and his only true knowledge cam from what he had read in books or what was taught to him by tutors. As a consequence of this childhood, Edgar’s naivety led to his banishment from the kingdom where he became disguised as a beggar roaming the countryside. Only when he became in contact with the real world as a beggar and not a nobleman did his education really begin.
Table of Contents
- 'For doubting pleases me no less than knowing.' This quote by Dante which Montaigne uses in his essays strikes at the heart of his ideas about education.
- In the beginning of the play Edgar is shown in his 'uneducated' state, easily tricked by his wicked brother.
- Edgar is next found in the play in Act III Scene 4 when he encounters Lear, Kent, and the fool in the countryside.
- Edgar thought that he had gone as far as he could go into despair seeing the mad King, but he sinks even lower when he comes upon his father in Act IV.
- The education of Edgar is put into action in the final scene of the play when he confronts his traitorous brother.
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