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3 word format

Language : english

medical studies

presentation

date published

02/06/2008

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level : General public

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive illness of the central nervous system that damages the brain and the spinal cord. It may take different forms but all disrupt nerve function causing symptoms ranging from mild numbness and walking difficulties to paralysis and blindness. It occurs due to an immune-system attack against myelin, a white, fatty coat around nerve fibers which provides insulation that contributes to the speed of transmission of nerve signals. When this is attacked, demyelination or destruction of myelin occur causing nerve transmission flow interruption leading to the neurological problems related to the disease. Symptoms include weakness, tingling, numbness, fatigue, lack of coordination, balance and vision problems, tremors, muscle stiffness, slurred speech, bowel and bladder problems, sexual dysfunction, memory and reasoning problems and partial or complete paralysis.

Patients with MS face several physical and psychosocial problems.
The title, 'Investigation of the coping antecedents to positive outcomes and distress in multiple sclerosis', is an insufficient one given the focus and aims of the project.
The relevance of this study is based on the fact that multiple sclerosis as a chronic illness takes a toll on both the physical and psychosocial aspects of a patient's health.
This study has made a contribution to the field of psychology.
A weakness in the methodology is the non-random sample of the population that was tested.
The results are very promising and as such, should merit more research on this field of psychology in relation to multiple sclerosis.

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3 word format

Language : english

medical studies

school essay

date published

02/06/2008

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level : Advanced

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Sepsis is described as a syndrome which is characterized by a general, systemic inflammation as a reaction of the body to infection or systemic inflammatory response syndrome, that is, cases where sepsis was also be observed to develop even in the absence of bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infection. It is a serious and deadly condition which usually results from a compounded infection problem which may result from another disease, trauma, hemorrhagic shock, old age or a compromised immune system (Bone et al., 1992). Hunter (2006) explains that the reason why sepsis is rarely given attention and popularized for public information and attention is because it is not a disease in itself but a reaction of the body to a lowered immunological response. Nevertheless, it is a major cause of fatalities around the globe, with a predicted value of around 18 million individuals infected annually. In addition, reported cases provide an underestimation of the statistics in some countries where some cases are not diagnosed.

For many women, a menstrual cycle is an inextricable part of being a woman. From the onset of menarche, through childbirth, and into menopause, a woman’s feminine nature is defined by menstruation, a uniquely female experience. In the twenty-first century, women are becoming aware of the option to dismiss their monthly periods for reasons ranging from health concerns to simple convenience. These new opportunities parallel and sometimes overlap decisions women make about birth control and raise issues about agency, health risks, and the further medicalization of women’s bodies in a medical system historically managed and operated by men. Whether it is through menstruation suppression or by using birth control, women now have decisions to make about their bodies, forcing a range of questions from everyday women to scholars to physicians.

Birth control itself has a controversial history.
Menstruation Suppression: A Brief History
Menstruation suppression was first publicly legitimated by Dr. Elsimar Coutinho.
Menstruation Suppression and Birth Control: A Linked History.
Seasonal Changes the Debate.
Seasonal's Practicality and Redundancy.
Media Response.
Conclusions.

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11 word format

Language : english

electronics

presentation

date published

29/05/2008

review : not yet assessed

level : Advanced

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The turn of the new century has brought outstanding leaps in the realm of technology. The rapid progression of technological development has changed the way our society operates. Moreover, the influence of technology has taken over our lives as a whole. It is with this premise that indeed technology has changed everything, does the lecture of Craig Barrett, Chairman of Intel Corporation, revolve around. In particular, technology has driven global economic growth and development making it an integral component of our everyday lives. Barrett outlined a number of points which come from the aforementioned observation and realization. Looking at it in high level, Barrett tackled what is going on around the world referencing significant improvements in technology that has changed the face of humanity and of the world. He then moved on to discuss the importance of such technologies highlighting his company’s contribution to the evolution of technology.

This diet is for people with renal diseases. This is when the function of the kidney tissue is diminished. The diet allows 70g of protein, 2000mg Sodium, 1500mg Potassium and 2000 or more calories per day. Protein has to be within ½ g, sodium within 23mg and Potassium within 39 mg. 2/3 of the protein should be HBV and the patient should have three cups of fluid per day.

The battle for control of public airwaves is nothing new. Following in the steps of radio and cellular telephones, wireless Internet – or wireless fidelity, known and trademarked as WiFi – is becoming the next major wireless permanent infrastructure accessed in urban public space. As such, regulatory concerns arise about this third generation of wireless technology (Werbach 2003), as do conflicts in varied visions for the future. A number of the nation’s growing cities are working to build up the faculties needed for wireless Internet citywide, and with that growth comes the promise of networks and accessibility for all. A leading expert on wireless technology, Craig Mathias from FarPoint Group in Ashland, MA, explained, “Every major city is going to have some kind of citywide Wi-Fi access. It will become an expectation like electricity or telephone service” (Reardon 2005). Without always understanding the technology at hand, several major cities have already begun to commit resources to building necessary infrastructure, both to serve the general public as well as close the digital divide (Werbach 2003).Indeed, the prevalence of wireless Internet access continues to rise, beginning to catch up with broadband and high speed Internet connections that now service over 37 million people in the United States, up from just 7 million in 2000, according to the Federal Communication Commission (Lehrer 2006). Wireless Internet, requiring less complicated technical infrastructure, is a less expensive option if geography allows for its penetration into all areas attempting to access service from the same connection.

key words- ubicomp model, antenna, WiFi-NY’s, NYCwireless, Earthlink, ACLU 2007, wireless technology

The prevalence of wireless Internet access continues to rise, beginning to catch up with broadband and high speed Internet connections.
Confusing the issue further is the theoretical notion that flawless WiFi falls under the ubiquitous computing model.
Urban areas – like Boston, New York, and San Francisco – are doing quite a bit to promote their plans for citywide wireless Internet.
New York City, despite being the largest city in the United States, has had problems installing public WiFi for years.
Boston has long lamented the lack of public wireless Internet service.
But the whole point of wireless technology is the lack of spectacle.
Theorizing the future of wireless Internet might be easiest when compared with the history of radio.

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33 slides .ppt

Language : english

geology

presentation

date published

28/04/2008

review : not yet assessed

level : Advanced

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Climate change is now widely recognised as a long term threat. It is thought that the climate is being changed by the increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, especially CO2, arising from human activities. Useful reductions in CO2 emissions can be achieved by fuel switching and improving energy efficiency. This presentation will cover both the experience from this project as well as the results found in the Statoil SACS program (Saline Aquifer CO2 storage programme), a 4,5 million Euro R&D programme run under the European Union R&D Framework programme, involving numerous European geological survey institutions and energy companies together with the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme.

Half of all cardiac deaths are sudden, accounting for approximately 300,000 deaths per year in the United States. SCD is death due to instantaneous, unanticipated circulatory collapse within 1 hour of initial symptoms and is often, but not always, due to a cardiac arrhythmia. More than 70% of all sudden natural deaths have a cardiac cause, and 80% of these are attributable to coronary artery disease. Approximately 70% of SCDs occur in men. Compared with routine activities, vigorous exercise increases the immediate risk of SCD 17-fold.

Development of T & B Lymphocytes Thymus-derived cells (T lymphocytes) mediate cellular immune responses; bone marrow-derived cells (B lymphocytes) are involved in humoral immunity. Both T and B lymphocytes are derived from precursor or stem cells in the marrow. Precursors of T cells migrate to the thymus, where they develop some of the functional and cell surface characteristics of mature T cells. Through positive and negative selection, clones of autoreactive T cells are eliminated, and mature T cells migrate to the peripheral lymphoid tissues.

Clinical manifestations resembling allergic hypersensitivity can also occur in the absence of an immunologic mechanism. Specific examples include nonallergic (intrinsic) asthma, which is triggered by the effect of inhaled dusts and fumes, weather changes, viral respiratory infections, and stress rather than by aeroallergen-induced IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation; irritant dermatitis, the result of physical or chemical damage to skin rather than development of sensitized lymphocytes; and "anaphylactoid reactions" from nonimmunologic release of mast cell mediators.

Clinical manifestations resembling allergic hypersensitivity can also occur in the absence of an immunologic mechanism.
Physical examination is most useful if performed during exposure.
Specific IgE Antibody Tests.
The type of immune response must be consistent with the nature of the disease.
There is a remote risk of inducing a systemic reaction.
With the exception of penicillin, in vivo skin testing for low-molecular-weight drugs is limited in sensitivity and availability.
In vitro tests detect allergen-specific antibody in serum.
Conclusions.

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