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Language : english

educational studies

presentation

date published

07/07/2008

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The current state of the American education system has promulgated a substantial outpouring of criticism for what teachers and administrators are accomplishing in the school. Although many schools defend their academic programs—arguing that a lack of funding makes it difficult for them to keep abreast of the most pertinent improvements in education—there is ample evidence to suggest that school reform does not have occur at the financial level in order to be successful. Given the reality that many schools have been able to foster success even in the wake of poor financial conditions, there is ample evidence to suggest that school reform must encompass something more than just increased financial support for the school.Arguably, the education system as it currently stands in the Untied States needs to be improved. However, with so much controversy over how reform should be achieved, more time is spent in reform debate than on actually developing and implementing programs for school reform. In an effort to move forward with this issue, this research provides a solid framework for the development and implementation of character education into the larger school curriculum.

Perhaps, most of the time, if not always, what actually makes plants attractive to common men is the presence of budding flowers. However, not all organisms under the kingdom Plantae bear flowers. Nevertheless, in the vast taxonomy of plants, there is one class that is composed of flowering plants, the Magnoliopsida. Moreover, the latter is more commonly known with the name angiosperm, in which the main feature is the flower that is responsible for the development of seeds for reproduction. In addition to this, this class is so diverse that there are several known species under this. As a matter of fact it is the “largest group of embryophytes, with at least 260,000 living species classified in 453 families” (Soltis & Soltis, 2004). Yet there are still some that remain unidentified. This report centers on some of the most common species under the class Magnoliopsida, also known as the flowering plants. Moreover, at the end of this report, the reproduction of flowering plants, including their methods of pollination will be explained further

The Cognitive theory is concerned with the development of one’s thought processes or basically how the mind acquires knowledge. There are many ideas that make up the cognitive theories—from the developmental theories of Piaget to relatively more recent theories like Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory.
Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology theory has profoundly affected our knowledge of child development. With his background on Biology and Philosophy, he came up with his theoretical framework consisting of stages of cognitive development. The main assumption of Piaget’s theory is that there are cognitive structures called schemas which are “patterns of physical or mental action that underlie specific acts of intelligence and correspond to stages of child development (Genetic Epistemology: J. Piaget, 2008).”

According to Piaget, there are four developmental stages.
He proposed that learning is a 'function of change in overt behaviour".
Edward Thorndike expands Skinner's S-R framework.
Edward De Bono proposed the theory of lateral thinking.
Researches suggest that music 'may act as a catalyst for cognitive abilities.

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educational studies

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07/07/2008

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Today’s information age has progressed very rapidly that the world is suddenly controlled and overwhelmed by vast innovations – the most dominant of which are the computers. The device has literally run every single detail of our lives that people are almost obliged to familiarize themselves with the nitty-gritty of the whole computer-age phenomenon. Likewise, the computer technology has hugely implicated the fields of economy and education. More specifically, it has posed its importance in college and workforce success. Hence, measures to promote computer literacy have been done to keep up with the pace of the present day affairs. By definition, computer literacy is "an understanding of computer characteristics, capabilities, and applications, as well as an ability to implement this knowledge in the skillful, productive use of computer applications suitable to individual roles in society" (as cited in Smith & Necessary, 1996). This paper probes on the connection of computer literacy on college education and workforce.

Attention Deficity Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) generally denotes a kind of deficit to selectively attend and (thereby) selectively inhibit certain stimuli. Evidently, the psychological community has much else to say about the disorder, frequently positing other cognitive and behavioral characteristics of the disorder , including hyperactivity, impulsivity, and a general lack of respect when it comes to persons of authority (e.g. parents or teachers). ADHD has recently been subdivided into various categories to attempt to make some distinction as to these general descriptions, but it is no mystery that even these subdivisions and subsequent delineations are difficult to qualify in practice. Moreover, the use of psychostimulants for children and most recently for adults has skyrocketed in the past few decades, sparking an unending debate as to the ethical considerations we should take when prescribing these potentially dangerous chemicals to persons whose behavioral or cognitive concerns may not nicely correspond to a condition that itself is vague, subject to cultural and linguistic factors, and not well-founded in psychological/cognitive theory.

The task of explaining the organization of conceptual knowledge is both promising and difficult. It is promising because if conceptual knowledge is organized, then in principle it should be possible to form theories which would account for the nature of conceptual organization in normal brains and brains which present for cognitive deficits of one kind or another. We should think that this organization would obtain modularly; that is, we should think that conceptual knowledge should be organized according to functionally individuated cognitive mechanisms. There is reason to be wary of this promise, however. The most relevant body of possible evidence for this task spells difficulty for cognitive theorists. Subjects who present for selective deficits of semantic processing of one kind or another are notoriously difficult to explain. Cases of category-specific semantic deficits, in which individuals behave as if unable to name and/or recognize items of a particular semantic category, presently resist satisfactory explanation and therefore prevent the success of any theory of semantic architecture.

The state of consciousness defies definition, but it may involve an awareness of self, dreams, emotions, moods, perceptions, sensations, and thoughts, although not essentially all of these. The issue surrounding the definition consciousness, and in what sense and to what extent this state exists, is the focus of a plethora of studies in psychology, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence. In psychoanalysis, consciousness includes cognitive processes of the ego (thinking, perception, planning) and some aspects of the superego like moral conscience. Sigmund Freud went on to distinguish unconscious and conscious behavior. However, behaviorists dismiss consciousness as having no use in science

College life in itself is proven to be a challenging time. There are quite a number of factors that can inhibit college success. Some of these factors may be financial—such as the demand of scholarships, the inadequacy of monetary support from the parents, or the need to look for a part-time job. Other factors are social—such as the inability of the student to cope with peer pressure or the feeling of not belonging to groups. Some factors may be inherent to the students themselves—such as the more demanding schoolwork, the increasing difficulty of the subject matter, problems with getting adjusted to college life, student’s health or bad study habits getting in the way. College students face these challenges on a daily basis. Their success in college may depend on their ability to cope with these challenges and balance their priorities.

This book examines female institutions and the treatment of women inmates in the past and today. It focuses on why women are incarcerated, the different programs in prison available to them, crimes women commit, incarceration and crime rates compared to men, prison socialization, and how female prisons operate. It also looks at some of the positives and negative aspects of prison life and issues for women compared to male prisoners. According to the author, there are three distinct differences between male and female prisons. First, prisons for women are smaller. Second, there are fewer of them. Third, they are different than prisons for males.

There are three distinct differences between male and female prisons.
Prisons are more like cottages.
There are five categories of programs in women's prisons.
Like men, women who have little stake in society often resort to criminal behavior.
Many women don't want their children to know they are in prison.
Women tend to be more successful when challenging their cases.
The way the criminal justice system operated with its laws and set up.
The statistics are mainly from the early-mid 80?s.
The biggest issue or concern at that time for women prisoners.
The lack of research may be due to the overall minor numbers of women prisoners.

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educational studies

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29/06/2008

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Panic swallows the streets of a small town in southern New Hampshire. At every turn, people are wallowing in sadness: bent over backwards begging the heavens for answers. What could have happened to cause such appalling misery, a flood or a fire? No, college rejection letters have arrived in the mail today. Although this scene may be a slight exaggeration of the truth, teenagers everywhere dread college rejection more than most other rational fears. The leading cause of college rejection is poor SAT scores; at least, that is what The Princeton Review and College Board want these helpless souls to think. These people claim that the SATs are an important tool and deciding factor when it comes to college admissions. An objective reader would probably then realize that some of the only people promoting the test are the ones who created it. They are the ones who benefit from the millions of students that take these standardized tests each year; an objective reader would also realize that the financial benefit to these companies is extremely high considering it is basically a required test and it can cost over forty dollars each time it is taken.

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